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Objective@#To understand the current situation and associated factors of myopia among primary school students, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia among primary school students.@*Methods@#In Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi and other provinces, 1 prefecture was selected, and a number of primary schools were selected from each region. All the students in the class were selected as the object of this survey. A total of 8 365 middle school students were examined for their eyesight, and the data of general population economic indicators and natural environment indicators were obtained through the statistical yearbook of various provinces and cities. The influencing factors of primary school students myopia were analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression.@*Results@#Univariate analysis showed that different provinces and different sex, different nationalities, different grade, parents average salary, sunshine duration, air temperature, altitude, longitude, latitude, different economic zone(χ2=116.22, 18.08, 26.33, 1 059.04, 14.86, 10.28, 16.95, 10.01, 23.15, 29.43, 88.14, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis results showed that gender, grade, sunshine duration, longitude were risk factor for poor vision(OR=1.31, 1.71, 1.45, 1.54, P<0.05); Economic zone and parents salary were protective factors for poor eyesight of students (OR=0.65, 0.86, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Myopia of primary school students is affected by a variety of factors, economic and social factors and natural environmental factors have an impact on the screening.
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Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of locally-produced pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection in the treatment of bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.Methods A multi-center double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety of pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride in treatment for acute bacterial infection, as compared to those of levofloxacin hydrochloride and glucose injection as control treatment.A total of 244 patients with acute bacterial infection of respiratory and urinary tract were enrolled in the studies.120 in trial group and 120 in control group, with four withdrawals.Pazufloxacin mesilate and levofloxacin were administered intravenously by drip at a dose of 300 mg and 200 mg, every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days for trial and control groups, respectively.Resuits Overall efficacy of pazufloxacin mesilate was 77.0 percent and 93.5 percent in treatment for acute bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.respectively, and that of levofloxacin was 80.6 percent and 89.6 percent, respectively.Overall bacterial clearance rate WaS 91.5 percent for pazufloxacin mesilate, 89.6 percent for respiratory tract infection and 94.1 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.and 93.4 percent for levofloxacin, 97.3 percent for respiratory tract infection and 89.7 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.No significant difference in adverse drug reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05)was found, with 4.88 percent and 7.44 percent for trial and control groups, respectively.Conclusions Pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection produced locally is a safe and effective antibiotic in treatment for acute infections of respiratory and urinary tract.
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0.05);the bacterial clearance rates of the 2 group were 100%.No adverse effects were found in both groups.CONCLUSION:Pazufloxacin injection was effective and safe in the treatment of bacterial infections of respiratory system or urinary system
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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the related factors that initiating the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS: The 184 ADR reports occurred from April, 1999 to July, 2004 were analyzed by a descriptive research method. RESULTS: Among the 184 cases, female cases outnumbered the male cases with the ratio at M∶F=1∶1.4, 122 cases were the elderly at the age of more than 60 which accounts for 66.30% of the total;there were 123 single medication cases and 61 combined medication cases;there were 23 severe cases, 128 moderate cases and 33 mild cases; 153 patients were symptomatically treated, 31 cased were not given special treatment;161 patients were fully recovered, 17 cases showed some improvement and 6 cases did have sequela;in the cause-effect relationship assessment, there were 3 certain cases, 153 probable cases and 28 possible cases; the anti-infective-led ADR accounted for 64.39%, then came the central nervous system drugs and Chinese traditional medicines at a percentage of 12.33% and 10.55% respectively;skin and its appendages impairment cases were the most with a percentage at 67.55%.CONCLUSION: To lessen or avoid the occurrence of ADR, monitoring of which and publicizing of ADR knowledge should be emphasized.
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OBJECTIVE:To make out the recent changes and developing trend of drugs used in hospitals of Shanghai since implementation of medial insurance system METHODS:Using HPDIS system,the data of purchase and sales volume of drugs,in 46 hospitals in Shanghai during the period 2000～2001,were collected and analysed RESULTS:The annual consumption displayed a periodic change,which was steady at the beginning of the year,restored at the middle of the year and increased vigorously at the end of the year The rise range of household essential drugs was maximum and that of drugs for critical cases minimum With the open of personal account,people have been inclined to select inexpensive domestic drugs with high quality CONCLUSION:The implemention of medical insurance system in cities and towns does not influence the consumption of drugs on the whole